pessimism

n.

悲观；悲观情绪；悲观主义；

1. He has a tendency towards pessimism.
   他有悲观的倾向。
2. There is the note of pessimism in his writings.
   他的著作带有悲观色彩。
3. He never gave himself up to pessimism in spite of difficulties.
   尽管遇到困难他从没有消极悲观过。
4. Pessimism is the hallmark of his major novels.
   悲观主义是他的几部小说的主要特征。
5. All his father's power of seeing the worst, all his wife's nervous pessimism had come to the fore in him during the hour since he had been handed that message.
   在他接到那个字条后的那段时间里，他父亲善于预见最恶劣的情况的能力，以及他的妻子神经质的悲观主义都令他思绪万千。

Optimism, pessimism, and psychological well-being.
Defensive pessimism: harnessing anxiety as motivation.
Measurement of pessimism: The Beck Hopelessness Scale
The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale
Beyond simple pessimism: Effects of sadness and anger on social perception.
Pessimism and optimism as early warning signs for compromised health for caregivers of patients with Parkinson's disease
Distinguishing optimism from pessimism: Relations to fundamental dimensions of mood and personality.
Self-handicapping and defensive pessimism: Exploring a model of predictors and outcomes from a self-protection perspective.
Community mental health services to minority groups: Some optimism, some pessimism.
Distinguishing optimism from pessimism: Relations to fundamental dimensions of mood and personality.Journal of Personality and Socia...