bitumen

n.

沥青，柏油；

bitumen emulsion沥青乳液，沥青乳浊液

1. Bitumen paper can be burnt to gain energy.
   沥青纸可以焚烧以获得能量。
2. In their natural state, oil sands are made of quartz sand covered by layers of water and bitumen.
   在自然状态下

The Shell bitumen handbook
THE SHELL BITUMEN HANDBOOK - 5TH EDITION
Effect of ageing on bitumen chemistry and rheology
Understanding Water‐Based Bitumen Extraction from Athabasca Oil Sands
The colloidal structure of bitumen: consequences on the rheology and on the mechanisms of bitumen modification.
Method of treating reservoirs containing very viscous crude oil or bitumen
Investigation of hydrogen bonding by oxygen functions in Athabasca bitumen
Factors controlling enrichment of vanadium and nickel in the bitumen of organic sedimentary rocks
Classification, structure, genesis and practical importance of natural solid oil bitumen (“migrabitumen”)
Paleoenvironmental implications of novel C30 steranes in Precambrian to Cenozoic Age petroleum and bitumen