existence

复数：existences

1. [U]存在 state or fact of existing
2. [S]生存,生活(方式) survival; way of living

• bring〔call〕 into existence使产生
• come into existence开始存在
• doubt〔ignore, recognize〕 the existence of怀疑〔无视,承认〕…的客观存在
• earn one's existence谋生
• lead a happy existence过着幸福生活
• maintain one's existence维护自己的生存

• certain existence某种生活
• happy existence幸福生活
• miserable〔wretched〕 existence悲惨的生活
• objective existence客观存在

• in existence现有的

• the existence of a state of war战争状态的实际存在

in existence现有的；现存的；实际存在的；实有的

existence theorem[计]存在性定理

come into existence成立；开始存在

conditions of existence生存条件

1. The newspaper ceased to appear after an existence of three months.
   该报发行3 个月后停刊了。
2. According to some philosopher, everything in existence is reasonable.
   某位哲学家认为，存在的事物都是合理的。
3. The family lived a precarious existence.
   这家人过着朝不保夕的生活。
4. Pollution poses a threat to the continued existence of this species.
   污染对这一物种的继续生存造成了威胁。