题目

The following question is taken from the December 2011 exam paper.

The following shows the total overhead costs for given levels of a company's total output.

Cost                     Output

   $                        Units

 4,000                   1,000

 7,000                   2,000

10,000                  3,000

 9,500                   4,000

A step up in fixed costs of $500 occurs at an output level of 3,500 units.

What would be the variable overhead cost per unit (to the nearest $0.01) using the high-low technique?

A

$1.67per unit

B

$1.87per unit

C

$2.75per unit

D

$3.00 per unit

Chapter5Costbehaviour

ACCA examining team comments

This question relates to study guide reference A3(h).

The high-low technique estimates variable cost per unit by looking at the change in costs between the highest and lowest levels of output. The correct answer is A. This can be calculated by finding the change in cost between the highest and lowest output levels not explained by the step in fixed costs ($9,500 - $4,000 - $500 = $5,000) , and dividing by the change in output between the highest and lowest output levels. ($5,000 / (4,000 units - 1,000 units) = $1.67 per unit.

Many candidates incorrectly based their calculations on the change in costs between the highest and lowest levels of cost, and hence selected option D (($10,000 - $4,000)/ (3,000 units -1,000 units) or C (($10,000 - $4,000 - $500)/ (3,000 units - 1,000 units). This mistake suggests some confusion between the independent variable, output, and the dependent variable, cost.

多做几道

A company uses a standard absorption costing system. Last month budgeted production was 8,000 units and the standard fixed production overhead cost was $15 per unit. Actual production last month was 8,500 units and the actual fixed production overhead cost was $17 per unit.What was the total adverse fixed production overhead variance for last month?

A

$7,500

B

$16,000

C

$17,000

D

$24.500

A cost centre had an overhead absorption rate of $4.25 per machine hour, based on a budgeted activity level of 12,400 machine hours.In the period covered by the budget, actual machine hours worked were 2% more than the budgeted hours and the actual overhead expenditure incurred in the cost centre was $56,389.What was the total over or under absorption of overheads in the cost centre for the period?

A

$1,054 over absorbed

B

$2,635 under absorbed

C

$3,689 over absorbed

D

$3,689 under absorbed

Which of the following would help to explain a favourable direct labour efficiency variance?

(i) Employees were of a lower skill level than specified in the standard

(ii) Better quality material was easier to process

(iii) Suggestions for improved working methods were implemented during the period

A

(i), (ii) and (iii)

B

(i) and (ii) only

C

(ii) and (iii) only

D

(i) and(II) only

Which of the following statements is correct?

A

An adverse direct material cost variance will always be a combination of an adverse material price variance and an adverse material usage variance

B

An adverse direct material cost variance will always be a combination of an adverse material price variance and a favourable material usage variance

C

An adverse direct material cost variance can be a combination of a favourable material price variance and a favourable material usage variance

D

An adverse direct material cost variance can be a combination of a favourable material price variance and an adverse material usage variance

The following information relates to labour costs for the past month:

Budget                 Labour rate                      $10 per hour

                            Production time                15,000 hours

                           Time per unit                     3 hours

                           Production units                5,000 units 

Actual                Wages paid                       $176,000

                          Production                         5,500 units 

                        Total hours worked             14,000 hours

There was no idle time.

What were the labour rate and efficiency variances? 

A

Rate variance                 Efficiency variance

$26,000 Adverse           $25,000 Favourable

B

Rate variance                 Efficiency variance

 $26,000 Adverse           $10,000 Favourable

C

Rate variance                 Efficiency variance

 $36,000 Adverse           $2,500 Favourable

D

Rate variance                 Efficiency variance

 $36,000 Adverse           $25,000 Favourable

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