题目

 UU Company has been asked to quote for a special contract. The following information about the material needed has been given:

 Material X: 

Book value                          Scrap value                          Replacement cost 

$5.00 per kg                        $0.50 per kg                             $5.50 per kg  

The contract requires 10 kgs of Material X. There are 250 kgs of this material in inventory which was purchased in error over two years ago. If Material X is modified, at a cost of $2 per kg, it could then be used as a substitute for material Y which is in regular use and currently costs $6 per kg. 

What is the relevant cost of the materials for the special contract? 

A

 $5 

B

 $40 

C

 $50 

D

 $55 

Chapter6Short-termdecisions

The book value is an historic cost and therefore not relevant. There is no intention to replace material X. There are two options for material X, scrap at a value of 50p per kg or use as a replacement for material Y, which would save $4 per kg ($6 – $2). The latter is the preferable option so the relevant cost is $4 per kg for 10 kgs = $40. 

多做几道

 A government is trying to assess schools by using a range of financial and non-financial factors. One of the chosen methods is the percentage of students passing five exams or more. 

Which of the three Es in the value for money framework is being measured here? 

A

 Economy 

B

 Efficiency 

C

 Effectiveness 

D

 Expertise 

The following statements have been made about measuring performance in not-for-profit organisations: 

(1) Output does not usually have a market value, and it is therefore more difficult to measure effectiveness. 

(2) Control over the performance can only be satisfactorily achieved by assessments of ‘value for money’. 

Which of the above statements is/are true? 

A

 (1) only 

B

 (2) only 

C

 Neither (1) nor (2) 

D

 Both (1) and (2) 

The senior manager is suspicious of a local manager’s accounts and thinks that the profit performance may have been overstated.    

Which of the following would be a plausible explanation of an overstatement of profit? 

A

 Delaying payments to payables 

B

 Shortening the useful economic life of a non-current asset 

C

Overstatement of a prepayment 

D

Overstatement of an accrual 

Which of the following statements regarding standard setting is correct? 

A

 Imposed standards are more likely to be achieved 

B

Managers across the organisation should be targeted using the same standards 

C

Standards should be set at an ideal level with no built in stretch 

D

 Participation in standard setting is more motivating than where standards are imposed 

When setting performance measurement targets it should be considered that there is the possibility that managers will take a short term view of the company and may even be tempted to manipulate results in order to achieve their targets.   

Which of the following would assist in overcoming the problems of short-termism and manipulation of results? 

A

 Rewards should be linked to a wider variety of performance measures including some nonfinancial measures 

B

 Managers should only be rewarded for the results achieved in their own departments 

C

 Any capital investment decision should be judged using the payback method of investment appraisal 

D

 Setting targets involving the overall performance of the company will be more motivating for managers 

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