简述垄断阶段同自由竞争阶段竟争的不同点。
总结中国改革开放的实践经验，我们可以得到哪些启示？
怎样认识经济文化落后的国家建设社会主义的艰巨性和长期性？
简述社会主义从一国到多国发展的历史贡献。
简述社会主义从一国到多国发展的经验教训。
简述社会主义首先在经济文化相对落后的国家取得胜利的原因。
题目
资本主义从自由竞争到垄断
垄断阶段同自由竞争阶段竞争的不同点主要表现在以下几个方面：
（1）竞争的目的不同。垄断时期竞争的目的是为了获取高额垄断利润。
（2）竞争的手段有了新的变化。不但以前的各种竞争手段在继续使用，而且由于垄断的存在，各种凭借垄断地位采取的新的竞争手段层出不穷、花样翻新。
（3）竞争的激烈程度和后果不同。由于垄断组织的实力及其所采用的手段与自由竞争阶段的企业是不可同日而语的，竞争的激烈和持久及其造成的破坏，也大大超过了自由竞争阶段。
（4）竞争的范围不同。垄断阶段的竞争不仅存在于国内，而且扩展到了国外，除了经济领域的竞争外，还在政治、军事、文化等领域展开激烈的竞争。
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- 材料全屏SingaporeSingapore is an independent city-state in southeastern Asia, consisting of one major island—the Singapore island—and more than 50 small islands, located off the southern tip of Malay. The city of Singapore, the capital of the country, is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island; it is one of the most important port cities and commercial centers of Southeast Asia. The total area of the republic is 640 sq kmLow-lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief(轮廓鲜明的) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176 m. The country has a wet tropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 27.20℃. The average annual rainfall is 2.413 mm. the wettest months are November through January.Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959. A president, elected to a four-year term, is head of state, and a prime minister is head of government. The president used to be selected by Parliament, but by 1991 constitutional amendment（修正案）, the president is now elected directly by the people. The Parliament is the law-making body with its 81 members popularly elected.In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278,300 pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200,200 students. The main institutions of higher education are the National University of Singapore, several technical colleges, and a teachers college.Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any country in Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product was estimated at $23.7 billion, or $8, 870 per person. The fishing industry is centered on the port of During, on southwestern Singapore Island. Industry has grown rapidly since the 1960s, and Singapore now produces a diversity of goods, including chemicals, electronic items, clothing, and processed foods, etc. Shipbuilding and petroleum refining are also important.1【单选】Paragraph 1（）AEducationBLand and ClimateCState SystemD General IntroductionEEconomyFPopulation
- Paragraph 2（）AEducationB Land and ClimateCState SystemD General IntroductionEEconomyFPopulation
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- Researchers did another survey after the Gallop poll.（）ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
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- The 4. 3-magnitude quake struck at 8: 19 p. m. in England and was centered under the English Channel.（）ATrueBFalseCNot Given
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