计划工作的主要原理有（）
管理道德在内容上侧重于调整和约束组织管理者的管理行为，在社会作用上则侧重于依靠被管理者的舆论影响管理者的行为，这句话没有体现的是（ ）
影响管理道德的因素有（）
影响购买者议价能力的因素主要包括（）
内部环境是指组织内部的物质、文化环境的总和，包括（）
预算按照内容可以分为（）
题目
6.1.5五、计划工作的原理
计划工作的原理
（1）限定因素原理
限定因素是指妨碍目标得以实现的因素。限定因素原理又被称为“木桶原理”。主管人员在制定计划时， 必须找出影响计划目标实现的主要限定因素或战略因素，有针对性的采取得力措施。
（2）许诺原理
任何一项计划都是对完成各项工作所做出的承诺，工作任务越多，许诺越大，实现许诺的时间就越长， 计划的期限也就越长。因而，许诺原理涉及计划期限问题。一般来说，计划的期限与其所要完成的任务是成正比的。计划的承诺不能太多，否则，造成计划的时间过长，承诺所实现的可能性就越小。
（3）灵活性原理
计划必须要有灵活性，即当意外情况出现时，有能力改变方向而不必花费太大的代价。灵活性原理就 是强调计划的灵活性越大，因未来意外事件引起损失的可能性就越小，两者是反比例关系。
（4）改变航道原理
指计划实施过程中，在保持计划总目标不变的前提下，实现目标的进程可因情况的变化而变化，使计划的执行过程具有应变力。因此，在计划实施过程中，必须进行定期检查和调整。
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该科目易错题
- 材料全屏SingaporeSingapore is an independent city-state in southeastern Asia, consisting of one major island—the Singapore island—and more than 50 small islands, located off the southern tip of Malay. The city of Singapore, the capital of the country, is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island; it is one of the most important port cities and commercial centers of Southeast Asia. The total area of the republic is 640 sq kmLow-lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief(轮廓鲜明的) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176 m. The country has a wet tropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 27.20℃. The average annual rainfall is 2.413 mm. the wettest months are November through January.Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959. A president, elected to a four-year term, is head of state, and a prime minister is head of government. The president used to be selected by Parliament, but by 1991 constitutional amendment（修正案）, the president is now elected directly by the people. The Parliament is the law-making body with its 81 members popularly elected.In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278,300 pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200,200 students. The main institutions of higher education are the National University of Singapore, several technical colleges, and a teachers college.Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any country in Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product was estimated at $23.7 billion, or $8, 870 per person. The fishing industry is centered on the port of During, on southwestern Singapore Island. Industry has grown rapidly since the 1960s, and Singapore now produces a diversity of goods, including chemicals, electronic items, clothing, and processed foods, etc. Shipbuilding and petroleum refining are also important.1【单选】Paragraph 1（）AEducationBLand and ClimateCState SystemD General IntroductionEEconomyFPopulation
- Paragraph 2（）AEducationB Land and ClimateCState SystemD General IntroductionEEconomyFPopulation
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- Researchers did another survey after the Gallop poll.（）ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
- 材料全屏 Moderate Earthquake Strikes England【*】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.【*】It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride,"said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude(震级)quake struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel, about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.【*】Witnesses said cracks appeared in and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.【*】I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me,"said Hendrick Van Eck, 27, of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London."I then heard the sound of cracking and it was getting heavier and heavier. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4. 8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.【*】The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931, measuring 6.1 on the Richter(里氏)scale. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. However, people should not scared too much by this prediction, Musson said, as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.1【单选】During the April 28 earthquake, whole England was left without power.（）ATrueBFalseC Not Given
- The 4. 3-magnitude quake struck at 8: 19 p. m. in England and was centered under the English Channel.（）ATrueBFalseCNot Given
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