F5_ACCA英国注册会计师考试试题及答案P26-新东方在线职业题库

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AB produces a consumable compound X, used in the preliminary stage of a technical process that it installs in customers' factories worldwide. An overseas competitor, CD, offering an alternative process which uses the same preliminary stage, has developed a new compound, Y, for that stage which is both cheaper in its ingredients and more effective than X.

At present, CD is offering Y only in its own national market, but it is expected that it will not be long before it extends its sales overseas. Both X and Y are also sold separately to users of the technical process as a replacement for the original compound that eventually loses its strength. This replacement demand amounts to 60% of total demand for X and would do so for Y. CD is selling Y at the same price as X ($64.08 per kg).

AB discovers that it would take 20 weeks to set up a production facility to manufacture Y at an incremental capital cost of $3,500 and the comparative manufacturing costs of X and Y would be:

X Y

$ per kg $ per kg

Direct materials 17.33 4.01

Direct labour 7.36 2.85

24.69 6.86

AB normally absorbs departmental overhead at 200% of direct labour: 30% of this departmental overhead is variable directly with direct labour cost. Selling and administration overhead is absorbed at one half of departmental overhead.

The current sales of X average 74 kg per week and this level (whether of X or of Y if it were produced) is not expected to change over the next year. Because the direct materials for X are highly specialised, AB has always had to keep large inventories in order to obtain supplies. At present, these amount to $44,800 at cost. Its inventory of finished X is $51,900 at full cost. Unfortunately, neither X nor its raw materials have any resale value whatsoever: in fact, it would cost $0.30 per kg to dispose of them.

Over the next three months AB is not normally busy and, in order to avoid laying off staff, has an arrangement with the trade union whereby it pays its factory operators at 65% of their normal rate of pay for the period while they do non-production work. AB assesses that it could process all its relevant direct materials into X in that period, if necessary.

There are two main options open to AB.

(i) To continue to sell X until all its inventories of X (both of direct materials and of finished inventory) are exhausted, and then start sales of Y immediately afterwards.

(ii) To start sales of Y as soon as possible and then to dispose of any remaining inventories of X and/or its raw materials.

28

【论述题】

Recommend, with supporting calculations, which of the two main courses of action suggested is the more advantageous from a purely cost and financial point of view.

Identify three major non-financial factors that AB would need to consider in making its eventual decision as to what to do.

Suggest one other course of action that AB might follow, explaining what you consider to be its merits and demerits when compared with your answer at (a) above.

A company is considering the development and marketing of a new product. Development costs will be $2m. There is a 75% probability that the development effort will be successful, and a 25% probability that it will be unsuccessful. If development is successful and the product is marketed, it is estimated that:

Expected profit Probability

Product very successful $6.0m 0.4

Product moderately successful $1.8m 0.4

Product unsuccessful ($5.0m) 0.2

What is the expected value of the project?

A

($0.41m)

B

$2.12m

C

$1.59m

D

$0.41m

Consider the following diagram.

If a decision-maker wished to maximise the value of the outcome, which options should be selected?

A

Option 2 and option 7

B

Option 3

C

Option 1 and option 4

D

Option 2, option 6 and option 8

How is expected value calculated?

A

Σpx

B

pΣx

C

eΣpx

D

xΣp

If the decision-maker is trying to maximise the figure, what figure would the decision-maker choose at point B in the diagram below?

A

40,000

B

11,800

C

13,900

D

22,000

This objective test question contains a question type which will only appear in a computer-based exam, but this question provides valuable practice for all students whichever version of the exam they are taking.

In a make or buy decision which FOUR of the following are to be correctly included in the considerations? Select all that apply.

(i) The amount of re-allocated rent costs caused by using the production space differently.

(ii) The variable costs of purchase from the new supplier.

(iii) The amount of the bribe from the potential new supplier.

(iv) The level of discount available from the new supplier.

(v) The redundancy payments to the supervisor of the product in question.

(vi) The saved labour costs of the production staff re-directed to other work.

(vii) The materials no longer bought to manufacture the product.

This objective test question contains a question type which will only appear in a computer-based exam, but this question provides valuable practice for all students whichever version of the exam they are taking.

While a drag and drop style question is impossible to fully replicate within a paper based medium, some questions of this style have been included for completeness.

Ace Limited is considering whether or not to cease production of leather-bound diaries.

Which of the following items are valid factors to consider in this decision?

 The diaries made a loss in the year just passed

 The diaries made a positive contribution in the year just passed

 The market outlook in the long term looks very poor

 The budget for next year shows a loss

 The business also sells pens and many diary buyers will often also buy a pen

 The business was founded to produce and sell diaries

Drag and drop the correct factors in the box below:

An information technology consultancy firm has been asked to do an urgent job by a client, for which a price of $2,500 has been offered. The job would require the following.

(a) 30 hours' work from one member of staff, who is paid on an hourly basis, at a rate of $20 per hour, but who would normally be employed on work for clients where the charge-out rate is $45 per hour. No other member of staff is able to do the member of staff in question's work.

(b) The use of five hours of mainframe computer time, which the firm normally charges out to external users at a rate of $50 per hour. Mainframe computer time is currently used 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

(c) Supplies and incidental expenses of $200.

Required

Fill in the blank in the sentence below.

The relevant cost or opportunity cost of the job is $........

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